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目的识别和分析造船厂舾装作业场所存在的职业病危害因素,找出其职业病危害关键控制点。方法采用现场职业卫生调查、职业病危害因素检测和职业健康检查相结合的方法,明确造船厂舾装作业场所的职业病危害关键控制点。结果该造船厂舾装作业场所主要存在职业病危害因素有粉尘、锰及其无机化合物、苯系物、氮氧化物、噪声、高温和工频电场等。其中电焊烟尘、其他粉尘、锰及其无机化合物检测超标率分别为22%、28%和42%,噪声检测超标率为70%,高温检测超标率高达100.0%,苯系物、氮氧化物和工频电场检测结果均未超出职业接触限值。结论舾装作业场所的职业病危害关键控制点为作业过程中产生的粉尘、锰及其无机化合物、噪声和高温等职业病危害因素,应采取综合防控措施减少和控制职业病危害的发生。
Objective To identify and analyze the hazard factors of occupational diseases existing in the shipyard outfitting workplace and find out the key control points of occupational hazards. Methods The methods of on-the-spot occupational health investigation, occupational disease hazard testing and occupational health examination were used to clarify the key control points of occupational hazards in the outfitting workplace of the shipyard. Results The main hazards of occupational hazards in the shipyard’s workplace were dust, manganese and its inorganic compounds, benzene series, nitrogen oxides, noise, high temperature and power frequency electric field. Among them, the over-standard rates of welding fume, other dust, manganese and inorganic compounds were 22%, 28% and 42% respectively, the exceeding standard rate of noise test was 70%, the exceeding standard rate of high-temperature test was up to 100.0% Power frequency electric field test results did not exceed the occupational exposure limits. Conclusion The key control points of occupational hazards in outfitting workplaces are dust, manganese, inorganic compounds, noise, high temperature and other occupational hazards that occur during operation. Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to reduce and control occupational hazards.