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埃博拉病毒(Ebola virus,EBOV)主要通过直接接触患者或感染动物的血液、体液,或被其体液污染的环境、物品表面而传播,参与埃博拉患者救治的医务人员存在较大的医院内交叉感染风险。因此,采取适当的医院感染防控措施对有效预防医院感染十分重要。现结合作者在利比里亚中国政府援建的埃博拉治疗中心(Ebola treatment center,ETC)从事医院感染防控工作的实践,介绍了中国援利ETC的医院感染防控策略,涉及ETC的建筑布局、隔离防护、清洁消毒和医疗废物处置等方面,并在中国援利ETC成功执行6个月,实现了医务人员“零感染”的目标。同时,总结了在强化隔离防护、手卫生管理、监控呼叫系统应用、感染防控督查等方面的实践经验,提出了ETC的建筑结构、消毒剂及其浓度选择等医院感染防控实践中遇到的实际问题和改进观点,为制定和完善ETC的医院感染防控方案提供参考。
Ebola virus (EBOV) is transmitted mainly through the direct contact with the patient or the infected animal’s blood, body fluids, or the environment and objects contaminated by its body fluids. There is a large hospital for medical staff participating in the Ebola treatment Internal cross infection risk. Therefore, taking proper prevention and control measures of nosocomial infection is very important to effectively prevent nosocomial infections. In connection with the practice of prevention and control of nosocomial infections at the Ebola treatment center (ETC), which is supported by the Chinese government in Liberia, this paper introduces the prevention and control strategies for nosocomial infection and hospital infection in China. It deals with the ETC’s architectural layout, Isolation protection, cleaning and disinfection and disposal of medical waste, etc., and successfully implemented the ETC in China for 6 months, achieving the goal of medical staff “zero infection ”. At the same time, the paper summarizes the practical experience in strengthening isolation protection, hand hygiene management, monitoring call system application, infection prevention and control inspection, and puts forward the ETC building structure, disinfectant and its concentration selection and other hospital infection prevention and control practices in case To the actual problems and improve the viewpoints for the development and improvement of ETC’s hospital infection prevention and control programs provide a reference.