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本文通过理论模型分析了贸易开放影响人力资本积累的两种途径:改变人力资本相对报酬和国外知识溢出,贸易开放能否促进人力资本形成取决于两种途径的相对大小。同时本文使用中国省际动态面板数据对贸易开放如何影响人力资本形成进行了实证研究,发现贸易开放和人力资本之间存在U型非线性关系,即当贸易开放度比较低时,贸易开放度的提高不利于人力资本形成;而当贸易开放度达到一定程度后,贸易开放度的提高则有利于人力资本形成。
This paper analyzes two ways that trade openness affects the accumulation of human capital through theoretical models: changing the relative remuneration of human capital and foreign knowledge spillover, and whether the opening of trade can promote the formation of human capital depends on the relative sizes of the two approaches. At the same time, this paper uses China’s dynamic provincial panel data to study how trade openness affects the formation of human capital, and finds that U-shaped nonlinear relationship exists between trade openness and human capital. That is, when the trade openness is relatively low, Increase is not conducive to the formation of human capital; and when the degree of trade open up to a certain extent, the improvement of trade openness is conducive to the formation of human capital.