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较高精度的模拟计算作物需水量对制定节水高效灌溉制度、灌溉排水规划和水资源合理配置至关重要。目前模拟计算作物需水量的主要方法有FAO-56双作物系数法、双涌源能量守恒模型、根系层水量平衡模型和SWAP模型。任何方法计算的作物需水量用于生产实践时,都应进行模拟结果的有效性检验。基于灌溉试验数据,应用联合国粮农组织推荐的FAO-56双作物系数法模拟计算了人工牧草———披碱草、冰草的需水量。并采用拟合相关图法、回归分析法和残差估计误差指示法对需水量模拟值进行了有效性检验。拟合相关图法给出统计相关趋势,属定性检验;回归分析法和残差估计误差指示法给出了模拟值与实测值间的拟合优度和残差估计误差的范围,属定量检验。这种定性定量相结合的方法客观的检验了需水量模拟值与实测值的一致性,经有效性检验后的需水量模拟值可用于生产实践。
The simulation of crop water requirement with high precision is very important to formulate a water-saving and efficient irrigation system, irrigation drainage planning and rational allocation of water resources. At present, the main methods of calculating crop water requirements are FAO-56 Double Crops Coefficient Method, Shuanghongyuan Energy Conservation Model, Root Water Bed Balance Model and SWAP Model. The effectiveness of the simulation results should be verified when any method of calculation of crop water requirements for production practices. Based on the data of irrigation experiments, the artificial grass-Elymus sibiricus and Agropyron chinense grass were calculated using the FAO-56 double-crop coefficient method recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. The validity of the simulation of water demand was tested by using fitting correlation diagram, regression analysis and residual error indication method. The fitting correlation graph method gives the trend of statistical correlation, which belongs to the qualitative test. The regression analysis method and residual error indication method give the range of goodness of fit and residual error estimation between simulated value and measured value, . This method of qualitative and quantitative analysis objectively verifies the consistency between the simulation values of water demand and the measured values, and the water demand simulation values validated can be used for production practice.