周恩来的四个现代化思想研究曹应旺“向四个现代化的宏伟目标前进”，这是周恩来在党和国家重大会议上留下的最后的心声，也是他的政治遗嘱。作为我国社会经济发展战略目标的四个现代化究竟是何时提出的？为什么要将原来的目标工业化改变为四个现代化？什么是四个现代化？... Zhou Enlai’s study of the four modernizations of Cao Yingwang’s “march toward the grand goal of the four modernizations” is the last of Zhou Enlai’s words left at major party and state conferences and is also his political will. When did the four modernizations, the strategic goal of China’s social and economic development, come up? Why change the original target industrialization into four modernizations? What are the four modernizations? ...