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本文报道聚合酶结反应用于恙虫病立克次体（Rt）检测和分型研究结果，以构建的Rt外膜主要蛋白56kDa型特异抗原（tsa56kDa）基因编码区的群、型特异引物，采用1步法PCR分别对Gilliam，Karp，Kato，Kawasaki和Kuroki5株标准株Rt，江苏地区5份Rt阳性标本，斑点热和莫氏立次体以及5份正常输血员全血标本进行检测和分型。研究结果证明所构建的Rt群、型引物具有Rt的特异性，型特异引物在Rt的型与型之间无交叉扩增。因此，该研究对恙虫病的诊断、流行病学调查以及Rt的型别鉴定具有实用价值。通过对江苏省东台、海安、南京地区5株Rt的型别鉴定，再次证明江苏地区Rt流行株为我国首次从分子水平发现的一个新型Rt．而且是江苏地区流行的主要优势株，与日本Kawasaki型相似。在调查中未发现其它株型。
In this paper, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect and genotype rickettsia tsutsugamushi (Rt) in order to construct the group and type-specific primers of the coding region of the 56 kDa specific antigen (tsa56kDa) One-step PCR was used to detect and classify the whole blood samples of Gilliam, Karp, Kato, Kawasaki and Kuroki5 strain Rt, five Rt positive specimens, spotted fever and Morse lizards and five normal blood transfusions respectively . The results showed that the constructed Rt group and primer had the specificity of Rt, and the type-specific primer did not cross-amplify between the type and the type of Rt. Therefore, the study of tsutsugamushi disease diagnosis, epidemiological investigation and type identification of Rt has practical value. Through the identification of five Rt strains in Dongtai, Hai’an and Nanjing of Jiangsu Province, it proved once again that the Rt epidemic strain in Jiangsu Province is the first Rt discovered at the molecular level in our country. It is also a major predominant strain prevailing in Jiangsu Province, similar to the Japanese Kawasaki type. No other plant types were found in the survey.