论文部分内容阅读
摘要[目的]为了提高原种的繁殖效率,降低原种成本,为原种繁殖提供合理的施肥依据。[方法]设4个施氮水平和1个对照,在2011、2012年分别进行“威芋3号”、“洋人洋”的不同氮肥水平的原种繁育试验。[结果] 施用氮肥能提高原种的单株结薯数、单株薯重、原种产量、块茎平均重量、30~90 g块茎的数量和重量及所占比例。當纯氮施用量达到90 kg/hm2(尿素195 kg/hm2)时,原种的繁殖效果最好,上述各项指标均达到最大值。[结论]在中晚熟品种进行微型薯繁育原种时,在保证其他肥量适宜的基础上,氮肥用量以尿素195 kg/hm2左右为宜。
关键词马铃薯;微型薯;氮肥;原种繁育
中图分类号S532文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611(2014)24-08145-02
Effects of Different Amount of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Stock Seed Breeding of Potato
ZOU Huafen, JIN Hui et al(Guizhou Province Pan County Agricultural Bureau, Pan County, Guizhou 553537)
Abstract[Objective] The research aimed to improve the reproduction efficiency of stock seed, reduce the cost of stock seed, and provide the basis for the reasonable application of stock seed breeding. [Method] 4 nitrogen application level and control were arranged. The stock seed breeding trial of different nitrogen level on Weiyu 3 and Yangrenyang in 2011 and 2012 were conducted. [Result] Application of nitrogen fertilizer could increase the tuberization number per plant, potato weight per plant, yield of stock seed, average weight of tuber, number and weight of 30-90 g tuber, and its ratio. When the application of nitrogen was 90 kg/hm2 (urea 195 kg/hm2), the breeding effect of stock seed was the best, and all of the indicators reached the highest. [Conclusion] When the midlate maturity varieties were bred, the optimum application rate of urea was about 195 kg/hm2 on the basis of the optimum application amount of other fertilizer.
Key wordsPotato; Minitype potato; Nitrogen fertilizer; Stock seed breeding
六盘水人,农艺师,从事农业技术推广及马铃薯栽培生理研究方面的工作。*通讯作者,高级农艺师,从事农业技术推广、马铃薯栽培生理及种薯繁育方面的工作。
收稿日期20140717 在隔离较好的条件下,微型薯直播进行原种的繁育,是马铃薯脱毒种薯繁育体系建设的一个重要环节[1-2]。由于微型薯个体小,田间抗逆性差,进行原种繁殖不同于普通的种薯繁育,而具有一定的特殊性。为了提高单位面积原种繁殖效率,有效降低成本,提高原种质量,分别于2011、2013年3~8月在盘县平关镇岩上村进行了不同氮肥水平微型薯繁育原种的试验,探讨不同施氮水平对原种块茎形成的影响,为标准化原种繁育技术的形成提供科学依据。
1 材料与方法
1.1供试材料 供试品种为盘县主推品种“威芋3号”(中晚熟)和“洋人洋”(中熟)。每个微型薯大小为3~5 g,芽长3~5 mm,由盘县农业科学研究所马铃薯种薯繁育中心提供。氮肥选用云南云维集团有限公司生产的尿素(总氮≥46%),磷肥选用盘县磷肥厂生产的钙镁磷肥(有效磷≥15%),钾肥选用云南沾化有限责任公司生产的硫酸钾(K2O≥50%)。
1
参考文献
[1] 陈晨,金辉,李学武,等.脱毒微型马铃薯粒重及密度对一级原种产量的影响[J].贵州农业科学,2008,36(4):41-42.
[2] 杨昌达,熊继文,刘振业,等.脱毒马铃薯原原种薯大小对产量影响研究[J].耕作与栽培,2004(6):20-21,50.
[3] 丁海兵,雷尊国,邓宽平,等.不同施肥水平对马铃薯农艺形状及产量的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(28):12338-12339.
[4] 吴霞.马铃薯不同氮肥施用量初报[J].土壤肥料,2010(13):36-37.
[5] 王敬洋.氮肥用量不同对马铃薯产量和品质的影响[J].北京农业,2013(30):133.
[6] 朱勇臣,王海燕,李成虎.氮肥不同施用量对马铃薯产量的影响研究[J].中国农技推广,2011,27(4):38-39.
(上接第8115页)
[14] 陈建中,戴剑,章镇,等.黄羽扇豆翻译延伸因子2的序列分析[J].中国农业科学,2002,35(1):102-105.
[15] HOLCIK M,SONENBERG N.Translational control in stress and apoptosis[J].Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology,2005,6(4):318-327.
[16] RATTAN S.Synthesis,modifications and turnover of proteins during aging[J].Experimental Gerontology,1996,31(1):33-47.
[17] AYALA A,PARRADO J,BOUGRIA M,et al.Effect of oxidative stress,produced by cumene hydroperoxide,on the various steps of protein synthesis,modifications of elongation factor-2[J].Journal of Biological Chemistry,1996,271(38):23105-23110.
[18] SANS M D,XIE Q,WILLIAMS J A,et al.Regulation of translation elongation and phosphorylation of eEF2 in rat pancreatic acini[J].Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications,2004,319(1):144-151.
关键词马铃薯;微型薯;氮肥;原种繁育
中图分类号S532文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611(2014)24-08145-02
Effects of Different Amount of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Stock Seed Breeding of Potato
ZOU Huafen, JIN Hui et al(Guizhou Province Pan County Agricultural Bureau, Pan County, Guizhou 553537)
Abstract[Objective] The research aimed to improve the reproduction efficiency of stock seed, reduce the cost of stock seed, and provide the basis for the reasonable application of stock seed breeding. [Method] 4 nitrogen application level and control were arranged. The stock seed breeding trial of different nitrogen level on Weiyu 3 and Yangrenyang in 2011 and 2012 were conducted. [Result] Application of nitrogen fertilizer could increase the tuberization number per plant, potato weight per plant, yield of stock seed, average weight of tuber, number and weight of 30-90 g tuber, and its ratio. When the application of nitrogen was 90 kg/hm2 (urea 195 kg/hm2), the breeding effect of stock seed was the best, and all of the indicators reached the highest. [Conclusion] When the midlate maturity varieties were bred, the optimum application rate of urea was about 195 kg/hm2 on the basis of the optimum application amount of other fertilizer.
Key wordsPotato; Minitype potato; Nitrogen fertilizer; Stock seed breeding
六盘水人,农艺师,从事农业技术推广及马铃薯栽培生理研究方面的工作。*通讯作者,高级农艺师,从事农业技术推广、马铃薯栽培生理及种薯繁育方面的工作。
收稿日期20140717 在隔离较好的条件下,微型薯直播进行原种的繁育,是马铃薯脱毒种薯繁育体系建设的一个重要环节[1-2]。由于微型薯个体小,田间抗逆性差,进行原种繁殖不同于普通的种薯繁育,而具有一定的特殊性。为了提高单位面积原种繁殖效率,有效降低成本,提高原种质量,分别于2011、2013年3~8月在盘县平关镇岩上村进行了不同氮肥水平微型薯繁育原种的试验,探讨不同施氮水平对原种块茎形成的影响,为标准化原种繁育技术的形成提供科学依据。
1 材料与方法
1.1供试材料 供试品种为盘县主推品种“威芋3号”(中晚熟)和“洋人洋”(中熟)。每个微型薯大小为3~5 g,芽长3~5 mm,由盘县农业科学研究所马铃薯种薯繁育中心提供。氮肥选用云南云维集团有限公司生产的尿素(总氮≥46%),磷肥选用盘县磷肥厂生产的钙镁磷肥(有效磷≥15%),钾肥选用云南沾化有限责任公司生产的硫酸钾(K2O≥50%)。
1
参考文献
[1] 陈晨,金辉,李学武,等.脱毒微型马铃薯粒重及密度对一级原种产量的影响[J].贵州农业科学,2008,36(4):41-42.
[2] 杨昌达,熊继文,刘振业,等.脱毒马铃薯原原种薯大小对产量影响研究[J].耕作与栽培,2004(6):20-21,50.
[3] 丁海兵,雷尊国,邓宽平,等.不同施肥水平对马铃薯农艺形状及产量的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(28):12338-12339.
[4] 吴霞.马铃薯不同氮肥施用量初报[J].土壤肥料,2010(13):36-37.
[5] 王敬洋.氮肥用量不同对马铃薯产量和品质的影响[J].北京农业,2013(30):133.
[6] 朱勇臣,王海燕,李成虎.氮肥不同施用量对马铃薯产量的影响研究[J].中国农技推广,2011,27(4):38-39.
(上接第8115页)
[14] 陈建中,戴剑,章镇,等.黄羽扇豆翻译延伸因子2的序列分析[J].中国农业科学,2002,35(1):102-105.
[15] HOLCIK M,SONENBERG N.Translational control in stress and apoptosis[J].Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology,2005,6(4):318-327.
[16] RATTAN S.Synthesis,modifications and turnover of proteins during aging[J].Experimental Gerontology,1996,31(1):33-47.
[17] AYALA A,PARRADO J,BOUGRIA M,et al.Effect of oxidative stress,produced by cumene hydroperoxide,on the various steps of protein synthesis,modifications of elongation factor-2[J].Journal of Biological Chemistry,1996,271(38):23105-23110.
[18] SANS M D,XIE Q,WILLIAMS J A,et al.Regulation of translation elongation and phosphorylation of eEF2 in rat pancreatic acini[J].Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications,2004,319(1):144-151.