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[目的]了解自动售水机选址与外表卫生状况,为改善自动售水机卫生现状提出建议。[方法]以上海市浦东新区辖区内所有的自动售水机为对象,随机抽取236台对其选址、遮雨棚设置、机器外表整洁及完整与否、出水口防护门、出水管口及取水凹口周壁等内容开展卫生学调查。[结果]调查结果表明,17.37%的自动售水机设置点周围10m范围内存在污染源;11.44%的自动售水机设置点周围地面排水不畅,有积水;2.54%的自动售水机未安装防护门和8.47%的自动售水机防护门已损坏不能正常使用;30.93%的自动售水机器外表存在各种污迹,同时有2.12%的受调查机器外壳已破损;受调查自动售水机的出水管口、取水凹口顶壁、内侧壁的细菌总数、霉菌、大肠菌群的检出率分别为78.81%、39.41%、48.30%;75.85%、81.78%、90.68%和21.19%、5.93%、15.25%。同时,保持自动售水机周边环境整洁、设置取水凹口防护门并保持正常运作、出水管外套有套管对减少或减轻上述部位的污染有着显著的意义。[结论]自动售水机经营单位应加强设备管理,注意维护设备的外表整洁,定期对取水凹口周壁、出水管口进行清洗、消毒;同时,要注意保持设备周边环境的整洁,并应在设备上加装取水凹口防护门、出水管套管等装置,维护其正常运作和洁净。
[Objective] To understand the sanitary conditions of siting and appearance of automatic water dispenser and to provide suggestions for improving the current status of automatic water dispenser. [Method] Taking all automatic water dispenser in Pudong New Area of Shanghai as object, we randomly selected 236 units for its site selection, shelter setting, neatness and completeness of machine appearance, outlet protection door, outlet and Take the water around the wall and other content hygiene survey. [Result] The investigation results showed that there was a pollution source within 10m around the set point of 17.37% automatic water dispenser; 11.44% of the water drains around the set point of the automatic water dispenser were sluggish with water; 2.54% Install protective door and 8.47% automatic vending machine door is damaged and can not be used normally; 30.93% of the surface of the automatic vending machine has various stains, while 2.12% of the investigated machine case has been damaged; The total number of bacteria, molds and coliform bacteria in the outlet of the water outlet, the top wall and the inner wall of the water intake recess were 78.81%, 39.41%, 48.30%, 75.85%, 81.78%, 90.68% and 21.19% respectively, 5.93%, 15.25%. At the same time, to maintain the periphery of the water dispenser clean and tidy, set the water inlet notch and maintain the normal operation of the outlet pipe jacket casing to reduce or reduce the above-mentioned parts of the pollution has a significant meaning. [Conclusion] The management unit of automatic water dispenser should strengthen the equipment management, pay attention to maintain the appearance of the equipment clean and tidy, regularly clean and disinfect the peripheral wall of the water inlet recess and the outlet of the water outlet; meanwhile, pay attention to keeping the environment around the equipment clean and tidy The device is equipped with a water intake notch protective door, outlet pipe and other devices to maintain its normal operation and cleanliness.