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目的通过对学龄儿童身高、体重、体质指数(BMI)、血压数据进行统计与分析,了解广州市番禺区学龄儿童生长发育、血压现况,为儿童保健、预防儿童高血压和儿童血压参照标准的建立提供依据。方法采用整群随机抽样方法从广州市番禺区小学抽取6~12周岁的儿童3 972例,进行身高、体重、血压测量,并计算BMI。结果广州市番禺区学龄儿童身高增长速度没有达到全国标准;体重增长速度男童未达标,女童则超标;女童体型较全国标准胖。学龄儿童血压呈近似正态分布,血压随着年龄的增长呈上升趋势,同年龄段的男童血压高于女童。男童收缩压除6岁时低于全国标准外,其余均高于全国标准;舒张压则相反,除了9岁时高于全国标准外,其余均低于全国标准;女童收缩压9岁前低于全国标准,9岁后高于全国标准;舒张压除9岁时与全国标准吻合,其余均低于全国标准。结论广州市番禺区学龄儿童体质仍有待提高;广州市番禺区高血压标准与全国标准存在差别。
Objective To understand the growth and development of school-age children in Panyu District of Guangzhou and the current status of blood pressure by statistics and analysis of height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure data of school-age children and to provide reference standards for children’s health, prevention of children’s hypertension and children’s blood pressure Establish basis for providing. Methods A total of 3 972 children aged 6-12 years were collected from Panyu District of Guangzhou City using a randomized cluster sampling method. Height, weight and blood pressure were measured and BMI was calculated. Results The growth rate of school-age children in Panyu District of Guangzhou City did not reach the national standard. The rate of weight gain did not reach the standard for boys and girls exceeded the standard. The girl’s body weight was higher than the national standard. Blood pressure in school-age children showed an approximately normal distribution, blood pressure increased with age, and boys in the same age group had higher blood pressure than girls. The systolic blood pressure of boys was lower than the national standard at the age of 6, while the rest were higher than the national standard. The diastolic blood pressure was the opposite. Except when the 9-year-old was higher than the national standard, the rest were lower than the national standard. In the national standard, after 9 years of age higher than the national standard; diastolic blood pressure at the age of 9 consistent with the national standard, the rest were below the national standard. Conclusion Panyu District, Guangzhou City, school-age children’s physical fitness remains to be improved; Panyu District, Guangzhou City, hypertension standards and national standards there are differences.