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精神损害分为民事侵权精神损害和国家侵权精神损害,其中,国家侵权精神损害,是指因国家侵权行为侵害自然人的人身权,致使其精神活动出现障碍而产生的身体上和精神上的痛苦。国家侵权精神损害赔偿的要件分别为主体、行为、损害后果、因果关系要件。国家赔偿的原则有法定赔偿原则、公平合理原则、主客观相统一原则、适当限制赔偿原则、自由裁量原则等。国家侵权精神损害赔偿的功能为补偿填补损害、预防、制裁、调整。
Mental damage is divided into spiritual tort damages and state tort tortures. Among them, the state tort tortures mean the physical and mental pain caused by the obstacles in the mental activities that result from the violation of the personal rights of natural persons by the state tort. Elements of national tort damages are subject, act, damage consequences, causal relationship elements. The principles of state compensation include the principle of statutory compensation, the principle of fairness and reasonableness, the principle of unification of subjectivity and objectivity, the principle of proper limitation of compensation and the principle of discretion. The function of compensation for damages of state infringement is to compensate for the damage, prevention, sanctions and adjustments.