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目的了解农村县(市)乡村三级医疗机构医生的抗生素相关知识和行为现状,探讨医生不合理使用抗生素的原因,为合理使用抗生素提供相关建议。方法随机抽取山东省3个县(市)188名县(市)乡村三级医疗机构医生进行问卷调查,定量分析医生的抗生素相关知识及使用行为现状,定性分析医生对目前抗生素使用过度的看法。结果定量分析显示,188名被调查医生中82.78%参加过抗生素知识培训;59.36%曾预防性使用抗生素,65.78%曾联合使用抗生素;大环内酯类和第三代头孢菌素类是基层医生最常用的抗生素类型。定性分析显示,抗生素使用过度是由医生、患者和卫生体系等多因素造成的。结论县(市)乡村三级医疗机构医生的抗生素合理使用相关知识均有待加强,尤其是村卫生室医生,而有效促进抗生素合理使用需要医生、监管方和患者多方共同努力。
Objective To understand the status quo of knowledge and behavior of antibiotics related to physicians in rural medical institutions of rural counties (cities) and to explore the reasons for the unreasonable use of antibiotics by doctors and provide relevant suggestions for rational use of antibiotics. Methods A total of 188 county (city) rural medical institutions in three counties of Shandong Province were randomly selected to conduct a questionnaire survey. Quantitative analysis of doctors ’knowledge of antibiotics and the status quo of their behavior were used to qualitatively analyze the doctors’ views on the overuse of antibiotics. Results Quantitative analysis showed that 82.78% of the 188 investigated doctors participated in the training of antibiotic knowledge, 59.36% used prophylactic antibiotics, 65.78% used antibiotics in combination, and macrolides and third-generation cephalosporins were primary doctors The most commonly used type of antibiotic. Qualitative analysis shows that overuse of antibiotics is caused by multiple factors such as physicians, patients and health systems. CONCLUSIONS The relevant knowledge of rational use of antibiotics in county-level and village-level medical institutions needs to be strengthened, especially in village clinics. To effectively promote the rational use of antibiotics requires doctors, supervisors and patients to work together.