松节油是松属树木中的一种含量最多的天然芳香油,是液体萜烯的混合物。松节油的主要成份是α—蒎烯和β—蒎烯,二者的组成、结构、性质不同。用精馏的方法将它们分开,可制得多种二次、三次产品,使之更好地发挥各自的作用。由分析得知,滇产的思茅松、云南松松节油中β—蒎烯含量较高。β—蒎烯与α—蒎烯有共同之处,都有双键,在某些加成反应中都能产生正碳离子中间体,生成类似的衍生物。它们又有不同之处,α—蒎烯具有桥环双键,β—蒎烯具有环外双键。β—蒎烯比α—蒎烯更易反应,所以在某些产品如萜烯树脂、芳樟醇、香叶醇等合成香料中,β—蒎烯更受欢 Turpentine is the most abundant natural aroma oil in pine trees and is a mixture of liquid terpenes. The main components of turpentine are α-pinene and β-pinene, the composition, structure and properties of the two are different. With the distillation method to separate them, can produce a variety of secondary and tertiary products, to make it better to play their respective roles. From the analysis, we found that the content of β-pinene in Pinus sylvestris and Yunnan pine is higher than that in Yunnan. β-pinene and α-pinene have in common, both double bonds, in some of the addition reaction can produce a positive carbon ion intermediates to generate similar derivatives. They are different, α-pinene has a bridged double bond, β-pinene has an exocyclic double bond. β-Pinene is more reactive than α-pinene, so β-pinene is more appreciated in certain products such as terpene resin, linalool, geraniol and other synthetic fragrances