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分布式流域水文模型SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool)在土地利用/覆盖变化的水文响应研究领域得到了广泛运用,利用紫坪铺站与沙坝站实测流量数据对模型进行校准与验证。紫坪铺站校准期与验证期的ENS值分别为0.74、0.66,沙坝水文站校准期与验证期的ENS值分别为0.66、0.61。在黑水河下游流域建立三种干旱河谷扩大的情景模式,利用率定好的参数,模拟1978-1987年气象条件下的水文响应特征,结果显示干旱河谷区面积扩大导致径流输出值减小,同时引起蒸散发的增加,径流与蒸散发存在显著的负相关性。
The distributed basin hydrological model SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) has been widely used in the field of research on hydrological response to land use / cover change. The model is calibrated and verified by the measured flow data of Zipingpu Station and Shaba Station. The ENS values for the calibration and verification periods of Zipingpu Station were 0.74 and 0.66, respectively, and the ENS values for calibration and validation of Shaba Hydrological Station were 0.66 and 0.61 respectively. In the lower reaches of the Heishui River, three kinds of arid valley expansion scenarios were established, and the utilization rate was set to simulate the hydrological response characteristics under the meteorological conditions from 1978 to 1987. The results showed that the area of the arid valley increased and the runoff output decreased, meanwhile, Causing the increase of evapotranspiration, there is a significant negative correlation between runoff and evapotranspiration.