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目的通过应用唱歌、打太极、舞蹈、器乐演奏等干预措施,观察其对慢性病及高危人群心理健康的影响,为进一步开展慢性病干预工作提供依据。方法将617名50岁以上的社区慢性病患者和高危人群以自愿原则分成五组,分别为唱歌组、太极组、舞蹈组、器乐演奏组和对照组,干预组分别给予不同的课程,对照组参加与干预措施无关的其它课程,干预措施持续15个月,分析各组健康效果、复原力、抑郁患病率等心理健康情况。结果各干预组干预后健康效果测量得分显著高于对照组(P<0.05),包括大脑执行功能、心理健康、精神状态、体力活动、自尊心等方面,在复原力方面干预组也高于对照组(P<0.05)。不同干预组的干预效果存在差异,唱歌组和太极组大脑执行功能得分最高,太极组和唱歌组健康相关生活质量得分最高,太极组和舞蹈组在自尊心方面得分最高,在复原力方面太极组得分也较高,器乐演奏组在大脑执行功能、精神健康等方面得分较高,但在社交技能、体力活动、复原力中的家庭关系、朋友支持等方面与对照组相比效果不显著(P>0.05)。结论对慢性病患者及高危人群,太极在促进大脑功能和预防抑郁方面效果显著,唱歌、舞蹈在预防大脑功能衰退和提高健康相关生活质量方面十分有效,器乐演奏能促进个体保持良好的心理健康状态。
Objective To observe the effects of singing, tai chi, dance, instrumental music and other interventions on the mental health of chronic and at-risk populations, and provide the basis for further intervention in chronic diseases. Methods A total of 617 community-based chronic patients over 50 years old and high-risk groups were divided into five groups on a voluntary basis: Singing group, Taiji group, dance group, instrumental performance group and control group. The intervention group were given different courses and the control group participated Other courses and interventions unrelated to interventions continued for 15 months, and the mental health status, resilience and prevalence of depression in each group were analyzed. Results The scores of health effects after intervention in each intervention group were significantly higher than those in control group (P <0.05), including executive function, mental health, mental status, physical activity and self-esteem in intervention group (P <0.05). There were differences in the intervention effects among different intervention groups. Singing group and Taiji group had the highest executive function score, the highest health-related quality of life score in Taiji group and singing group, the highest self-esteem score in Taiji group and dance group, Taiji group in terms of resilience But also higher in the performance of the instrumental music group, mental health and other aspects of higher scores, but in social skills, physical activity, resilience of family relationships, friend support and other aspects compared with the control group, the effect is not significant (P> 0.05). Conclusion Tai Chi is effective in promoting brain function and preventing depression in chronically ill and at high risk groups. Singing and dancing are very effective in preventing the decline of brain function and improving health-related quality of life. Instrumental performance can promote individuals to maintain good mental health status.