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目的探讨影响托幼儿童感染性疾病发生的危险因素,为制定预防控制对策提供依据。方法采用整群随机抽样方法,对泰安市辖区内9所托幼机构进行问卷调查。结果托幼机构儿童感染性疾病患病率为29.8%,其中男童患病率为28.8%,女童患病率为31.1%。统计学分析结果表明,托幼儿童感染性疾病患病率在年龄、是否独生、是否寄宿、母亲职业、环境卫生、饮食卫生之间差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.967~31.821,P均<0.05)。多因素分析显示,年龄为保护因素,是否独生、是否寄宿、饮食卫生条件为危险因素。结论影响托幼儿童感染性疾病的因素众多,建议加强健康教育,重视对幼儿的护理及合理喂养,提高育儿能力,不断增强机体的抵抗力与免疫力,预防感染性疾病的发生。
Objective To explore the risk factors affecting the occurrence of infectious diseases in children and toddlers, and provide the basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods A cluster random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on nine child-bearing agencies in the district of Tai’an. Results The prevalence of infectious diseases among children in nurseries was 29.8%, of which the prevalence rate was 28.8% for boys and 31.1% for girls. Statistical analysis showed that the prevalence of infectious diseases in children and toddlers was statistically different between age and only-child, boarding, maternal occupation, environmental health and diet hygiene (χ ~ 2 = 4.967 ~ 31.821, P All <0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that age as a protective factor, whether only child, boarding, food hygiene conditions as a risk factor. Conclusion There are many factors that influence the infectious diseases of toddlers and young children. It is suggested to strengthen health education, pay attention to the care and reasonable feeding of young children, improve child-rearing abilities, continuously enhance the body’s immunity and immunity and prevent the occurrence of infectious diseases.