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目的:比较老年和青年2个自杀高峰人群的特征,合理利用自杀干预的资源。方法:对全国23个疾病监测点上报的自杀案例抽样进行调查,根据年龄将自杀的2个高峰进行分组:55岁以上(老年组)和15~34岁(青年组),就两组的自杀相关因素进行分析。结果:在性别比例上,老年组男女比例为1.4∶1,而青年组为0.8∶1;在自杀方式上,两组均以服毒方式较多,老年组自缢者比青年组明显较多;老年组精神疾病的发生率明显高于青年组;老年组经历的负性生活事件以患急重病或受伤为主,而青年组以夫妻不和为主。结论:从合理使用自杀干预资源的角度出发,针对不同人群应用不同的干预措施,老年人应以改善生活质量和就医条件、完善社会支持网络为主;而青年组应以加强宣传教育为主。
OBJECTIVE: To compare the characteristics of two suicide peak populations in the elderly and youth and to make rational use of the suicide intervention resources. Methods: A sample of suicide cases reported at 23 disease surveillance sites across the country was investigated. Two peak suicides were grouped according to their age: those over 55 (old age group) and 15 to 34 (youth group) Related factors for analysis. Results: In terms of sex ratio, the ratio of male to female was 1.4: 1 in the elderly group and 0.8: 1 in the young group. In suicide mode, the two groups were more poisoned, the older group had significantly more self-sufficiency than the young group, The incidence of mental illness in the group was significantly higher than that in the youth group. The negative life events experienced by the elderly group were mainly those who were seriously ill or injured, while the youth group mainly did not. Conclusion: From the perspective of rational use of resources for suicide interventions, different interventions should be applied to different groups of people. The elderly should mainly improve the quality of life and medical conditions and improve the social support network. The youth group should focus on strengthening publicity and education.