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本文从硅的理化性质、基于硅土试验的土壤分类、硅肥类型、硅肥对植物和土壤的作用等几个方面对硅肥的相关理论进行了综述。并通过实践证明了硅肥既可以增加植物磷营养、增加植物的产量和品质,提高作物提抗任意生物和非生物胁迫的能力,减少重金属毒害,又可以改善土壤的保水保肥能力。同时指出硅肥的最佳来源是天然富硅材料,最后对硅肥在可持续和有机农业生产中的应用做了展望。
In this paper, the related theories of silicon fertilizers are summarized from the aspects of the physical and chemical properties of silicon, the soil classification based on silica test, the type of silicon fertilizer, the effect of silicon fertilizer on plants and soil. And through practice, it proved that silicon fertilizer can increase plant phosphorus nutrition, increase plant yield and quality, improve crop ability to resist any biological and abiotic stress, reduce heavy metal toxicity, and improve soil water retention and fertility. At the same time, it is pointed out that the best source of silicon fertilizer is natural silicon-rich material. Finally, the prospect of using silicon fertilizer in sustainable and organic agricultural production is prospected.