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全国现有57万孤儿,其中在儿童福利机构集中养育的10.9万,社会分散抚养的40多万。如何既做好散居孤儿的保障工作,同时又不断提升机构的养育水平,实现两者兼顾,一直是民政部门着力探索的内容。自《国务院办公斤关于加强孤儿保障工作的意见》(国办发[2010]54号)发布以来,全国各地如江苏、湖北、浙江等地已经开始依托儿童福利机构成立儿童福利指导中心,旨在推动儿童福利机构转型,提高儿童福利水平。2013年6月4日,四川省人民政府办公厅发布了《关于加强儿童福利院和儿童福利服务指导中心建设工作的意见》(川办发[2013]33号,以下简称《意见》),首次对保障福利机构养育孤儿和社会分散抚养孤儿的权益保障做出制度性安排,也为进一步完善适度普惠型儿童福利制度做出了有益探索。
The whole country has 570,000 orphans, 109,000 of which are centrally reared by child welfare agencies and more than 400,000 are scattered by the community. How to do both the security work of scattered orphans and the continuous improvement of the institution’s parenting level to achieve the balance between the two has always been the focus of the civil affairs department to explore. Since the issuance of “Opinions of the State Council on Strengthening the Work of Orphan Security” (Guo Ban Fa [2010] No. 54), various child welfare centers have started to set up child welfare centers across the country, such as Jiangsu, Hubei and Zhejiang. Promote the transformation of child welfare agencies and raise the level of children’s welfare. On June 4, 2013, the General Office of Sichuan Provincial People’s Government issued Opinions on Strengthening the Construction of Children’s Welfare Institutions and Child Welfare Service Guidance Center (Chuanbanfa [2013] No. 33, hereinafter referred to as “Opinion”) for the first time Institutional arrangements have been made to ensure the protection of orphans by welfare agencies and the protection of the rights and interests of orphaned children in society, as well as to make useful exploration for further perfecting the system of well-being of the general population.