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大麦株高及其构成因素受多个基因或QTLs控制,为了解析其遗传机制有必要检测不同大麦品种的株高及其构成因素QTLs。本研究利用SPSS19.0软件分析25份大麦品种的株高及其主要构成因素差异,采用394个核基因组SSR标记的二元相关和多标记逐步回归分析检测株高及其主要构成因素QTLs、再利用关联标记偏相关分析检测QTLs遗传效应。结果表明,25个大麦品种的株高、平均节间数和平均节间长均具有不同程度差异,其表型值变化范围分别为(85.33±2.87)cm~(57.87±6.16)cm、(6.7±0.18)~(5.2±0.42)、(13.49±0.15)cm~(9.15±0.33)cm,其株高具有不同的遗传机制。在25个大麦品种中检测到6个株高QTLs、6个平均节间数QTLs和5个平均节间长QTLs。17个QTLs分布在大麦3H、4H、5H、6H和7H染色体上,其调整R2值变幅为0.125~0.537,其中QPH3H-1等10个QTLs具有增效作用、其余7个具有减效作用。25个大麦品种携带17个遗传效应不同、具有多因一效特性的株高及其主要构成因素QTLs,相关结果对大麦株高及其主要构成因素的遗传机制等研究具有一定的指导作用。
Plant height and its components are controlled by multiple genes or QTLs. To understand its genetic mechanism, it is necessary to test the QTLs of plant height and its components in different barley varieties. In this study, SPSS19.0 software was used to analyze the differences of plant height and its main components among 25 barley cultivars. The plant height and its major components QTLs were detected by binary correlation and multi-marker stepwise regression analysis using 394 nuclear genome SSR markers Genetic Correlation of QTLs Detected by Correlation Marker Partial Correlation Analysis. The results showed that the plant height, mean internode number and mean internode length of 25 barley cultivars differed to some extent, with the range of variation being (85.33 ± 2.87) cm ~ (57.87 ± 6.16) cm and (6.7 ± 0.18) ~ (5.2 ± 0.42), (13.49 ± 0.15) cm ~ (9.15 ± 0.33) cm, respectively, with different genetic mechanisms. Six plant height QTLs, six average QTLs and five average internode QTLs were detected in 25 barley cultivars. Seventeen QTLs were located on the 3H, 4H, 5H, 6H and 7H chromosomes of barley. The QTLs were adjusted for the range of 0.125-0.537. Among them, QTLs such as QPH3H-1 had synergism and the other seven had a synergistic effect. Twenty-five barley cultivars carried 17 QTLs with different hereditary effects and plant-height and their major components with multi-effect and one-effect traits. The results may provide guidance for plant height and genetic mechanism of barley.