质子交换膜燃料电池以固体电解质膜做电解质,具有能量转换率高、启动温度低、无电解质泄露等特点,被公认为最有希望成为航天、军事、电动汽车和区域性电站的首选电源。这种燃料电池的主要构成包括阳极、阴极和质子交换膜以及双极板(如图1所示)。阳极和阴极是典型的气体扩散电极,上面载有催化剂(一般采用以炭黑为载体的铂催化剂)。燃料(一般为甲醇和氢气)在阳 Proton exchange membrane fuel cells with solid electrolyte membrane electrolyte, with high energy conversion rate, low start-up temperature, no electrolyte leakage and other characteristics, is recognized as the most promising to become aerospace, military, electric vehicles and regional power plants preferred power. The main components of this fuel cell include anodes, cathodes and proton exchange membranes, and bipolar plates (as shown in Figure 1). Anodes and cathodes are typical gas diffusion electrodes carrying a catalyst (typically a carbon black supported platinum catalyst). Fuels (usually methanol and hydrogen) are in the positive