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目的 研究耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌 (MRS)的耐药状况。方法 用琼脂筛选法、酸测定法、琼脂稀释法 ,分别检出 MRS、测定 MRS的 β-内酰胺酶及对 17种抗生素的最低抑菌浓度 (MIC)。结果 46 6株菌中 ,金黄色葡萄球菌 (SA ) 12 3株 ,其中 5 3株为耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌 (MRSA) ,占 43.1% (5 3/12 3) ;血浆凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌 (CNS) 343株 ,其中 188株为耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌 (MRCNS) ,占 5 4.8% (188/343)。β-内酰胺酶产生率 MRS为 77.4% (4 1/5 3) ,MRCNS为 6 5 .4% (12 3/188)。 MRS对青霉素、氨苄青霉素、苯唑青霉素、四环素、红霉素严重耐药 ,耐药率为 87.8%到 10 0 % ,对氯霉素、林可霉素、妥布霉素、氟哌酸、庆大霉素高度耐药 ,耐药率超过 6 0 % ,对其他抗生素有不同程度的耐药 ,对磷霉素、利福利敏感性好 (耐药率低于 30 % )。结论 在本研究资料中 ,MRS对抗生素的耐药性非常严重 ,磷霉素、利福利可用于治疗由 MRS所致的感染。
Objective To study the drug resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRS). Methods MRS was detected by agar screening method, acid determination method and agar dilution method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of β-lactamase of MRS and 17 antibiotics was determined. Results Among 466 strains, Staphylococcus aureus (SA) was 12 3 strains, of which 53 strains were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), accounting for 43.1% (5 3/12 3). Plasma coagulase negative Staphylococcus aureus (CNS) 343 strains, of which 188 were methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus aureus (MRCNS), accounting for 4.8% (188/343). The β-lactamase production rate was 77.4% (4 1/5 3) for MRS and 65.4% (12 3/188) for MRCNS. MRS was severely resistant to penicillin, ampicillin, oxacillin, tetracycline and erythromycin, with resistance rates of 87.8% to 100%. The antibiotic resistance rate of chloramphenicol, lincomycin, tobramycin, norfloxacin, Gentamicin is highly resistant, with a resistance rate of more than 60%. It has different degrees of resistance to other antibiotics and is sensitive to fosfomycin and Rifalam (resistance rate is less than 30%). Conclusions MRS has a very high resistance to antibiotics in this study. Fosfomycin and Rifalafil can be used to treat infections caused by MRS.