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目的:了解2011~2014年米易县手足口病流行特征,为手足口病防控策略的制订提供科学依据。方法:对2011~2014年米易县网络直报系统手足口病疫情资料进行描述性流行病学分析。结果:2011~2014年米易县手足口病共报告病例733例,死亡4例,年平均发病率为82.92/10万;男女性别比为1.44:1;5岁及以下儿童为该病主要发病人群(92.77%);发病有明显季节性,每年发病高峰为4~7月;报告病例以散居儿童、幼托儿童为主,占总报告病例的97.54%。2012年实验室诊断病例中EV71感染占46.81%,Cox A16感染占27.66%;2014年EV71病毒感染占46.67%,Cox A16感染占10.00%。结论:2011~2014年米易县手足口病发病率呈现明显上升趋势,应重点做好手足口病病原学监测,以及5岁以下散居儿童和托幼机构防控工作。
Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Mianyi County from 2011 to 2014 and to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of hand-foot-mouth disease prevention and control strategies. Methods: Descriptive epidemiological analysis of hand-foot-mouth disease outbreak in the network direct reporting system in Mianyi County from 2011 to 2014 was conducted. Results: From 2011 to 2014, 733 cases of hand, foot and mouth disease were reported in Meiyi County, 4 cases were died, with an average annual incidence of 82.92 / 100 000; the male / female sex ratio was 1.44: 1; children aged 5 and below were the main pathogens (92.77%). The incidence was obviously seasonal and the annual peak was from April to July. The reported cases were mainly scattered children and preschool children, accounting for 97.54% of the total reported cases. The prevalence of EV71 infection was 46.81% in 2012 laboratory diagnosis, 27.66% in Cox A16 infection, 46.67% in 2014, and 10.00% in Cox A16 infection in 2014. Conclusion: From 2011 to 2014, the incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Miyi County showed a clear upward trend. Etiological monitoring of hand-foot-mouth disease and the prevention and control of diaspora and kindergarten under 5 years old should be emphasized.