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目的探讨学龄前儿童PM2.5暴露与行为问题的关系。方法于2013年4—9月采用分层抽样抽取深圳市某区22个幼儿园,对中班教室、幼儿起居室、玩具室等37个场所的PM2.5水平进行监测。采用Achenbach儿童行为量表调查幼儿园中班1290名学龄前儿童行为问题情况。结果儿童行为问题检出率为17.67%,儿童PM2.5个体暴露平均值为113μg/m3,最高值达206μg/m3。男童攻击性、违纪得分和总分与PM2.5水平呈正相关(β值分别为0.207,0.161,0.118;P<0.05);女童抑郁、分裂样、多动得分及总分与PM2.5水平呈正相关(β值分别为0.126,0.171,0.150,0.143;P<0.05)。结论环境PM2.5暴露与学龄前儿童行为问题关系密切。
Objective To investigate the relationship between PM2.5 exposure and behavioral problems in preschool children. Methods From April to September in 2013, 22 kindergartens in a certain district of Shenzhen were sampled by stratified sampling to monitor the PM2.5 level in 37 places such as middle class classroom, children’s living room and toy room. Achenbach’s Child Behavior Checklist was used to investigate behavioral problems in 1290 pre-school children in kindergarten. Results The detection rate of children behavioral problems was 17.67%. The average PM2.5 exposure of children was 113μg / m3 and the highest value was 206μg / m3. Boys aggressiveness, discipline and total score were positively correlated with PM2.5 levels (β values were 0.207,0.161,0.118, respectively; P <0.05); depression, schizoid, hyperactivity scores and total score of PM2.5 (Β values were 0.126,0.171,0.150,0.143; P <0.05). Conclusion Environmental PM2.5 exposure is closely related to behavioral problems among preschool children.