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清朝兴起的民间慈善组织——善会善堂,有着完善的自治制度,包括经营管理方面的会员制、轮值制和董事制,资产筹集与运营制度和财务管理方面的征信制度等。善会善堂的自治制度与国家之间存在互动关系,一方面是国家的干预使善会善堂逐渐官僚化,失去了自治的空间;另一方面善会善堂的自治规约成为司法机关裁判的主要依据,而《征信录》所体现的公开原理也日益渗透到国家的行政制度中。
The rise of civil charitable organizations in the Qing Dynasty - good will Church, with a sound system of autonomy, including members of the management system, rotation and the board of directors, asset raising and operating system and financial management credit system. On the one hand, there is an interactive relationship between the autonomy system of the Guild Hall and the state. On the one hand, it is because the state intervenes to gradually bureaucratize the Guild Hall and lose the space for autonomy. On the other hand, the Autonomous Statute of the Guild Hall of Justice becomes the judgment of the judiciary Of the main basis, and “credit information” embodied in the open principle also increasingly penetrate the country’s administrative system.