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目的了解西藏林芝地区2004—2012年麻疹流行状况,探讨预防和消除麻疹的策略。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对林芝地区2004—2012年麻疹疫情监测数据及相关资料进行分析。结果林芝地区2004—2012年共报告麻疹病例367例,年均发病率为23.55/10万。病例主要集中在察隅县和林芝县,分别占病例总数的83.92%(308/367)和11.17%(41/367);9—10月为发病高峰期,共报告312例,占发病总数的85.01%;男性194例,女性173例,男女性别比为1.12∶1;病例年龄主要集中在25岁以下年龄组,占发病总数的94.01%(345/367);病例职业以学生为主,占发病总数的47.41%(174/367),其次为散居儿童占23.16%(85/367)、农民占22.89%(84/367)。2006年9月发生1起暴发疫情,报告病例306例。结论林芝地区麻疹发病处于较低水平,但仍有暴发疫情发生,应加强疫情监测,控制暴发疫情的发生。
Objective To understand the epidemic situation of measles in Linzhi Prefecture of Tibet from 2004 to 2012 and to explore the strategy of preventing and eliminating measles. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the monitoring data and relevant data of measles epidemics in Linzhi Prefecture from 2004 to 2012. Results A total of 367 measles cases were reported in Nyingchi Prefecture from 2004 to 2012, with an average annual incidence of 23.55 / 100 000. The cases mainly concentrated in Zayu County and Nyingchi County, accounting for 83.92% (308/367) and 11.17% (41/367) of the total number of cases respectively. The peak incidence was from September to October, a total of 312 cases were reported, accounting for the total number of cases 85.01%. There were 194 males and 173 females, with a male / female ratio of 1.12:1. The age of cases was mainly in the age group of under 25 years old, accounting for 94.01% (345/367) of the total cases. The cases were dominated by students and accounted for The total incidence was 47.41% (174/367), followed by scattered children accounted for 23.16% (85/367), farmers accounted for 22.89% (84/367). One outbreak occurred in September 2006, 306 cases were reported. Conclusion The incidence of measles in Nyingchi district is at a low level, but there are still outbreaks of epidemic outbreaks. Epidemic monitoring should be strengthened to control the outbreak of outbreaks.