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目的探讨学龄前小儿外伤性颅内血肿在边远地区治疗的有效方法。方法对我院自1998年至2008年共收治的学龄前小儿外伤性颅内血肿198例临床资料进行回顾分析。结果150例血肿量<20ml的患者采用了保守治疗,于伤后30至45天复查CT血肿全部吸收。36例采取了钻孔引流,病人第2天复查CT显示引流完全。12例开颅血肿清除术,其中有1例血肿在80ml以上,于术中血肿清理时呼吸心跳停止死亡,其余4例中残,4例智力障碍,3例恢复良好。结论在有效排除存在严重颅内损伤的患者外,对学龄前小儿外伤性颅内血肿的临床病例采用创伤较少的保守治疗是安全有效的。
Objective To explore effective methods of treatment of traumatic intracranial hematoma in preschool children in remote areas. Methods A total of 198 cases of preschool pediatric traumatic intracranial hematoma admitted to our hospital from 1998 to 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. Results 150 cases of hematoma volume <20ml patients with conservative treatment, 30 to 45 days after injury to review all the CT hematoma absorption. Thirty-six patients underwent drainage drilling, and the patient was reexamined on the second day to show complete drainage. 12 cases of craniotomy hematoma, including 1 case of hematoma in more than 80ml, intraoperative hematoma respiratory arrest died, the remaining 4 cases of residual, 4 cases of mental retardation, 3 cases recovered well. Conclusion In the effective exclusion of patients with severe intracranial injury, clinical treatment of traumatic intracranial hematoma in preschool children with less trauma conservative treatment is safe and effective.