密奏是清代由指定的臣子上呈,皇帝直接启阅、批复的绝密报告。密奏的拟写、装封、传递、收发、批阅、收存、保密有一系列严格的规定和一套完整的制度,它是古代文书工作中最为成熟的制度之一。一、密奏的产生清初沿袭明制,凡官员上书皇帝,主要使用两种文书形式,一是题本,二是奏本。凡弹劾、兵马、钱粮、司法等公事用题本;凡官员谢恩、陈述私事用奏本。题本有两点不便:一是拟写和行文程序繁复迟缓,它必须用仿宋体书写,加上(?)黄(即将要求摘录于封面或文首),还得备有副本,制作完毕后递交通政使司转内阁,经内阁学士审核、草拟批答后呈送皇帝,皇帝批阅后再经人用满、汉文字誊清,然后发还;二是容易泄密,题本经过 Mie is a Qing court by the designated minister, the Emperor directly read, approved the top-secret report. There are a series of strict rules and a set of complete system for the preparation, packing, delivery, sending and receiving, receiving, storing and keeping secrets of secret memorials. It is one of the most mature systems in ancient clerical work. First, the emergence of Mie The early Ming followed the Ming system, where officials wrote the emperor, the main use of two types of instruments, one is the title, and the second is the book. Where the impeachment, soldiers and horses, money, justice and other public affairs with the title; where officials Xiene, the statement of private use of the book. There are two inconveniences in the title: one is the complicated and slow process of writing and writing. It must be written in imitation of Times New Roman, plus (?) Yellow (to be requested on the cover or the beginning of the text) Submitted to the Chief Secretary to the Cabinet, the cabinet bachelor examination, after the drafting of the answer to be presented to the emperor, the emperor approved and then full, the Chinese characters clear, and then returned; the second is easy to leak, the title after