线粒体通透性转运孔(MPTP)由电压依赖性阴离子通道、腺嘌呤核苷酸易位子、环孢素受体D、外周苯二氮卓艹受体等多个蛋白组成。本文就MPTP复合物的结构组成及功能、MPTP在细胞凋亡中的作用、以环孢素受体D和外周苯二氮卓艹受体等为靶点的化合物对神经退行性病变的潜在的治疗作用等方面进行综述。阐明抑制MPTP开放的分子可以抑制神经细胞凋亡,是治疗神经退行性病变的潜在药物。 Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) consists of many proteins such as voltage-dependent anion channels, adenine translocase, cyclosporin receptor D and peripheral benzodiazepine receptor. In this paper, the structure and function of the MPTP complex, the role of MPTP in apoptosis, the potential of neurodegenerative compounds with cyclosporin D and peripheral benzodiazepine receptors as targets Therapeutic effects and other aspects are reviewed. To elucidate that MPTP, an inhibitor of MPTP opening, inhibits neuronal apoptosis is a potential drug for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.