除虫菊是使用最早的植物杀虫农药。人们通过对除虫菊驱避、杀虫有效成分的分析,弄清了驰避杀虫成分除虫菊素的分子结构,从而人工合成了与除虫菊素分子结构相似的农药,统称“拟除虫菊素”。这是农药生产一次重大突破,促进了人工合成农药的发展。 人们在实践中发现,不仅除虫菊能治虫,许多木本植物的根、茎、叶、花、果实、皮也含有能够杀虫、治病、除草的物质。如苦楝、皂荚、枫杨、银杏、黄连木、核桃、乌桕、梓树、黄波罗、漆树、油茶、油桐、无患子、苦参、稠李、马醉木、杜鹃、鱼藤、毒藜等那是提制农药的树种。 木本植物的农药的物质成分。主要是生物碱、挥发油、树脂、有机酸、苦味素等。不同树种含有的种类、形式、数量不一样。这些物质成分及由它们构成的综合化合物对病虫害有不同的抑制、驱避、毒杀作用。银杏的外种皮和叶中含有毒性的银杏酸、银杏醇、银杏二酚等物质,可以杀死昆虫和抑制杂草;樟树、黄波罗等树种含有樟脑、樟油等芳香油物质,对昆虫有驱避、熏死作用;苦楝、黄连木、皂荚以及杜鹃科的植物含有苦木素、马醉木素,对昆虫起胃毒和触杀作 Pyrethrum is the earliest plant insecticide used. People through the pyrethrins repellent, insecticidal active ingredient analysis, to clarify the molecular structure to avoid insecticidal components of pyrethrum, which synthetic and pyrethrins molecular structure similar to pesticides, collectively referred to as “pyrethrin.” This is a major breakthrough in pesticide production, and promote the development of synthetic pesticides. It has been found in practice that not only pyrethrum can cure worms, but also roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and skins of many woody plants which also contain insecticidal, therapeutic and weeding substances. Such as neem, acacia, maple, ginkgo, Pistacia, walnut, black walnut, catalpa tree, Huang Polo, tree, Camellia oleifera, Sapindus, Sophora, thick plum, horse drunk, rhododendron, And so that is the tree species of pesticides. Material composition of pesticides of woody plants. Mainly alkaloids, volatile oils, resins, organic acids, such as bitter. Different species contain different types, forms and quantities. These substance components and the compound compounds made of them have different inhibitions, repellent and poison killing effects on pests and diseases. Ginkgo biloba and leaves contain toxic ginkgolic acid, ginkgol, ginkgo diphenol and other substances that can kill insects and weed suppression; camphor, Huang Polo and other tree species containing camphor, camphor oil and other aromatic oil substances, Insects are repellent, smoked dead role; Melia, Pistacia, Gleditsia and Rhododendron family plants containing bitter lignin, horse drunk lignin, stomach poisoning and contact poison insects for