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目的分析北京市西城区近5年尘肺病发病情况,为确定健康监护目标人群提供依据。方法利用北京市职业病信息报告相关系统中西城区的相关数据,用Excel软件进行统计处理,对确诊的尘肺病患进行描述分析。结果 2010—2014年西城区共报告尘肺患者81例,其中79例为晚发尘肺。尘肺病中以石棉肺和矽肺为主,分别占37.04%和33.33%;涉及工种16种。煤炭业尘肺患者30例,占37.04%;石棉加工行业16例,占19.75%。接尘工龄≥30 a者30例,占37.04%;20~29 a者23例,占28.40%。结论接尘30年后发病的较多,且随接尘工龄的增加,尘肺发病数增多。应将接尘退休工人作为重点监护人群。
Objective To analyze the incidence of pneumoconiosis in Xicheng District of Beijing in the recent 5 years and provide basis for determining the target population of health care. Methods Using the relevant data of Beijing-Xicheng District of occupational disease information reporting system in Beijing and using Excel software to carry out statistical analysis to describe and analyze the diagnosed pneumoconiosis patients. Results From 2010 to 2014, 81 cases of pneumoconiosis were reported in Xicheng District, 79 of them were late-onset pneumoconiosis. Among the pneumoconiosis patients, asbestosis and silicosis were the most common diseases, accounting for 37.04% and 33.33% respectively; 16 kinds of trades were involved. 30 cases of coal pneumoconiosis, accounting for 37.04%; asbestos processing industry in 16 cases, accounting for 19.75%. Dust-receiving age ≥30 a in 30 cases, accounting for 37.04%; 20 to 29 a in 23 cases, accounting for 28.40%. Conclusion The incidence of dust after 30 years of exposure is more, and with the increase of service life, the number of pneumoconiosis increased. Recycling workers should take the dust as a key guardianship group.