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目的对农村集中式饮用水水环境健康风险进行评价。方法对宁夏固原市农村集中式供水饮用水中Cr6+、As、Cd、Hg、Pb、氨氮、氟化物和硝酸盐的浓度进行调查,并应用美国环保局(US EPA)推荐的健康风险评价模型对其通过饮水途径所引起的健康风险作初步评价。结果基因毒物质Cd、As、Cr6+通过饮水途径所造成的平均个人年风险高于躯体毒物质Pb、Hg、氨氮、氟化物、硝酸盐。按照年风险值由高到低的次序为Cr6+>As>氟化物>硝酸盐>氨氮>Pb>Hg。饮用水总的健康风险R总为1.98×10-4/a。结论固原市5个县区8种水环境污染物总的健康风险值均超出国际辐射防护委员会(ICR)推荐的最大可接受风险水平5.0×10-5/a,而西吉、彭阳和泾源的总健康风险值超过了美国环境保护署(US EPA)推荐的最大可接受风险水平1.0×10-4/a。
Objective To evaluate the health risk of rural centralized drinking water environment. Methods The concentrations of Cr6 +, As, Cd, Hg, Pb, ammonia nitrogen, fluoride and nitrate in rural centralized drinking water in Guyuan, Ningxia were investigated. The health risk assessment model recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) Its initial assessment of the health risks posed by drinking water routes. Results The average annual risk of genotoxic substances Cd, As and Cr6 + caused by drinking water route was higher than that of somatic poison Pb, Hg, ammonia nitrogen, fluoride and nitrate. According to the descending order of annual risk value Cr6 +> As> fluoride> nitrate> ammonia nitrogen> Pb> Hg. The total health risk of drinking water R is always 1.98 × 10-4 / a. Conclusion The total health risks of eight kinds of water pollutants in five counties and districts in Guyuan city exceed the maximum acceptable risk level of 5.0 × 10-5 / a recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICR), while the Xijie, Pengyang and Jing The source’s total health risk value exceeded the maximum acceptable risk level of 1.0 × 10-4 / a recommended by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA).