国家安全生产存在外部性，一是由于政府的强制征税能够克服“不付费乘客”问题，由于政府免费供应解决安全保卫产品这一公共商品的边际成本为零问题，具有外部经济性；二是由于国家安全生产目标模糊性而导致的其激励、约束、信息传递等机制扭曲，由于其运营垄断性而导致的价格和产出的损失、寻租行为和Ｘ无效率，由于其运作机制行政性而导致一般不必考虑破产和竞争的约束和激励，而通常表现为“规避错误”机制上，由于其产权的“公地悲剧”性而导致具有“双重人格”的国防人员对国家安全生产这一公共商品的“寻租”，由此必然使国家安全生产存在着外部不经济 Externality exists in the national safety in production. First, the compulsory taxation by the government can overcome the problem of “non-paying passengers.” Because the free supply of government security products is zero, the marginal cost of public goods is external economy. Second, Due to the ambiguity of the goal of national security production, its incentive, restraint, information transfer and other mechanisms distort, because of its monopolistic operation caused by the loss of prices and output, rent-seeking behavior and X inefficiency, due to its operational mechanism of administrative Which usually leads to the constraint and motivation of not having to consider the bankruptcy and competition generally. However, the “tragedy of the commons” nature of property rights often results in the “evasion of mistakes” mechanism, resulting in the “double personality” of national defense personnel on the national security production Public goods “rent-seeking”, which inevitably makes the existence of national security is not the external economy