目的　介绍神经内窥镜三脑室造瘘术治疗小儿脑积水方法。方法　男 8例 ,女 2例 ,年龄 5个月至 11岁 ,平均 33个月。CT、MRI及同位素99Tcm DTPA脑池显像显示为非脑脊液吸收障碍性脑积水。神经内窥镜从侧脑室经孟氏孔进入三脑室 ,在乳头小体前方三脑室底最薄处造一瘘口与脚间池相通。结果　术后随访 3～ 6个月 ,所有患儿症状均有改善。结论　神经内窥镜行三脑室造瘘治疗非脑脊液吸收障碍性脑积水是一种有效的微创手术。 Objective To introduce the neuroendoscopic third ventricle ostomy for children with hydrocephalus. Methods 8 males and 2 females, aged 5 months to 11 years, an average of 33 months. CT, MRI and isotope 99Tcm DTPA brain pool imaging showed non-cerebrospinal fluid imbalance in hydrocephalus. Nerve endoscopy from the lateral ventricle into the third ventricle by Monteggia, in front of the papillary body at the thinnest three ventricle to make a fistula and the intercostal pool. Results The patients were followed up for 3 to 6 months and all children had improvement in their symptoms. Conclusion Endoscopic neovascular three-ventricle ostomy is an effective minimally invasive surgery for non-CSF dysplastic hydrocephalus.