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目的研究0~7岁小儿维生素D缺乏性佝偻病的影响因素,为临床诊疗提供依据。方法选取0~7岁小儿维生素D缺乏性佝偻病患儿103例为研究组,另外选取同期健康体检儿童103例为对照组,应用自行设计问卷调查孕妇家庭状况、孕期饮食及生活规律、分娩及婴幼儿的基本情况,应用多元Logistic回归分析法分析佝偻病的影响因素。结果孕期经常吃鱼、孕期户外活动、孕期日照时间、孕期补维生素D或钙、婴儿7个月开始服用含高钙食物、小儿晒太阳暴露皮肤的面积是影响佝偻病的相关因素(P<0.05)。结论孕期多户外运动、及时补钙、小儿7个月开始服用含高钙食物、日晒暴露皮肤面积大等是佝偻病的保护性因素,应该多进行健康宣教,早期预防、早期诊治是关键。
Objective To study the influencing factors of vitamin D deficiency rickets in children aged 0-7 years and provide the basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods A total of 103 children with vitamin D deficiency rickets in children aged 0-7 years were enrolled in this study. 103 children in the same period were enrolled as the control group. The questionnaires were used to investigate the family status of pregnant women, diet and lifestyle during pregnancy, childbirth and infancy The basic situation of children, the use of multiple logistic regression analysis of rickets factors. Results During pregnancy, fish were frequently consumed during pregnancy, outdoor activities during pregnancy, sunshine time during pregnancy, vitamin D or calcium during pregnancy, and high calcium diet after 7 months of infancy. The area exposed to sun exposure in infants was the relative risk factor for rickets (P <0.05) . Conclusions Multi-exercise during pregnancy, calcium supplementation in time, children taking high calcium diet for 7 months and protective skin such as sun exposure are the protective factors of rickets. Health education, early prevention and early diagnosis and treatment are the key points.