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针对长江流域水资源安全问题,选取水贫乏指数作为评估水资源安全的指标。综合考虑影响水资源安全的关键因素,选取了水资源状况、供水设施状况、利用能力、利用效率和水环境5个子系统共22个分指标,建立了水资源安全评价指标体系。采用改进的水贫乏指数计算方法,对长江流域各省级行政区的水资源安全现状进行了评估,并简要分析了导致水资源安全状况恶化的原因。研究结果表明,水贫乏指数能够较好的反映水资源安全所涉及到的社会、经济、资源、环境等诸多方面的状况,为水资源安全评估提供了有益借鉴。
Aiming at the problem of water resources safety in the Yangtze River Basin, the index of water deficit is selected as an index to evaluate water resources security. Considering the key factors affecting the water resources safety, we selected 22 sub-indicators of water resources status, water supply facilities status, utilization capacity, utilization efficiency and water environment, and established the water resources safety evaluation index system. The improved water deficit index method was used to evaluate the status quo of water resources security in all the provincial administrative regions in the Yangtze River Basin. The reasons for the deterioration of water resources security were briefly analyzed. The results show that the water deficit index can better reflect the social, economic, resource and environmental aspects of water resources safety and provide a useful reference for water resources safety assessment.