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施加粪肥是提高土壤肥力的重要措施,为了解粪肥磷在潮土中的化学行为,通过室内培养试验,采用NaOH-EDTA浸提和31P核磁共振技术分析比较了鸡粪、牛粪及施肥后土壤中的磷形态及含量,并研究了施肥对潮土有效磷的影响。结果表明,粪肥磷主要以无机态形式存在,2种粪肥的有机磷形态及含量有明显不同,肌醇六磷酸在鸡粪中的含量明显高于牛粪。粪肥施加到潮土后丰富了土壤有机磷的形态。随时间延长,潮土中各形态磷发生相互转化,以肌醇六磷酸为主的正磷酸单酯含量明显降低,核酸等正磷酸双酯显著升高。鸡粪处理的土壤有效磷含量逐渐升高,牛粪处理则表现出相反的趋势。施加粪肥后,土壤有效磷呈现不同的变化规律可能是无机磷在土壤中固定或沉淀,有机磷矿化和无机磷被微生物固持这三方面综合作用的结果。
In order to understand the chemical behavior of manure phosphorus in alluvial soil, manure was applied to study the chemical behavior of manure phosphorus in alluvial soil. The effects of manure and chemical fertilizer on the soil after fertilization were analyzed by NaOH-EDTA extraction and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) In the phosphorus form and content, and studied the effect of fertilization on available phosphorus in the Chao soil. The results showed that manure phosphorus mainly existed in inorganic form, and the forms and contents of organic phosphorus in two kinds of manure were obviously different. The content of phytic acid in chicken manure was obviously higher than that in cow manure. Application of manure to the fluvo-aquic soil enriched the form of soil organic phosphorus. With the extension of time, all forms of phosphorus in the alluvial soil interconverted, and the content of orthophosphoric acid monoester mainly composed of phytic acid was significantly decreased. Orthophosphoric diester such as nucleic acid was significantly increased. The content of soil available P in chicken manure increased gradually, while cow manure showed the opposite trend. After applying manure, the variation of soil available phosphorus may be the result of the combined action of inorganic phosphorus immobilization or precipitation in the soil, organic phosphorus mineralization and inorganic phosphorus being retained by microorganisms.