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目的证实酸味药性中药对黑素的合成具有抑制作用。方法以碱提酸沉、醇提、水提3种方法,提取22味酸味中药有效成分,分为25、12.5、6.25 g/L 3个浓度,用蘑菇酪氨酸酶多巴速率氧化法检测各提取物对酪氨酸酶活性的影响,比较3种不同提取物不同浓度酪氨酸酶活性抑制率分别与熊果苷水溶液1.0、0.5、0.1 mmol/L的差异。结果 22味酸味中药(山茱萸、山楂、乌梅、五味子、木瓜、虎杖、牛膝、地榆、酸枣仁、墨旱莲、覆盆子、枳实、枳壳、绿萼梅、枳椇子、桑椹、石榴皮、白芍、金樱子、马齿苋、诃子、五倍子)碱提物除墨旱莲外,余21味对酪氨酸酶均有不同程度的抑制作用,其中乌梅在25 g/L时抑制率最高(88.49±9.98)%,枳实在6.25 g/L时抑制率最低(11.22±3.36)%;醇提物除墨旱莲无抑制作用外,其余21味中药均可抑制酪氨酸酶活性,以枳椇子在25 g/L时抑制率最高(75.92±5.57)%,枳壳在6.25 g/L时抑制率最低(9.60±1.15)%;水提物均有抑制酪氨酸酶活性的作用。其中桑椹在25 g/L时抑制率最高(54.23±3.56)%,酸枣仁在6.25 g/L时抑制率最低(10.25±1.83)%。与1 mmol/L熊果苷水溶液比较,乌梅、五味子、五倍子、金樱子、覆盆子、木瓜、马齿苋、桑椹、牛膝、石榴皮碱提物、乌梅、五倍子、石榴皮、枳椇子、山楂、牛膝醇提物及木瓜、覆盆子、桑葚水提物在25 g/L浓度时酪氨酸酶抑制率明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01);与0.5 mmol/L熊果苷水溶液比较,木瓜碱提物及乌梅醇提物在12.5 g/L时酪氨酸酶抑制率明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论具有酸味药性的一类中药均具有抑制黑素合成的作用,其机制与抑制酪氨酸酶活性有关。
Objective To confirm the sourness of traditional Chinese medicine has an inhibitory effect on the synthesis of melanin. Methods Three kinds of methods of extraction, extraction and water extraction were used to extract the active ingredients of 22 Chinese sour herbs, which were divided into three concentrations of 25, 12.5, 6.25 g / L and detected by the mushroom tyrosinase Doppler rate oxidation method The effects of different extracts on tyrosinase activity were compared. The inhibition rates of tyrosinase activity at different concentrations of three different extracts were compared with 1.0, 0.5, 0.1 mmol / L of arbutin aqueous solution respectively. Results 22 flavor sour herbs (dogwood, hawthorn, plum, Schisandra, Papaya, Polygonum cuspidatum, Achyranthes, Burnet, Suanzaoren, Eclipta, raspberry, citrus aurantium, Citrus aurantium, Pomegranate peel, white peony root, Rosa laevigata, purslane, Myrobalan, Galla chinensis) alkaloids in addition toEclipses, Yu 21 taste on the tyrosinase have different degrees of inhibition, plum at 25 g / L, the highest inhibition rate (88.49 ± 9.98)%, the lowest inhibition rate of citrus aurantium at 6.25 g / L (11.22 ± 3.36)%; Alcohol extract except for Ecotone had no inhibitory effect, the other 21 herbs can inhibit tyrosinase The highest inhibitory rate (75.92 ± 5.57)% was obtained when Hovenia dulcis Thunb was 25 g / L, and the lowest inhibition rate was 9.60 ± 1.15% when Fructus Aurantii was 6.25 g / L. Acidase activity. The highest inhibition rate was 54.23 ± 3.56% at 25 g / L for mulberry and the lowest was 10.25 ± 1.83% at 6.25 g / L. Compared with 1 mmol / L aqueous solution of arbutin, ebony, Schisandra chinensis, gallnut, rosa laevigata, raspberry, papaya, purslane, mulberry, Achyranthes bidentata, pomegranate peel extract, plum, gallnut, pomegranate peel, (P <0.05, P <0.01). The inhibition rate of tyrosinase in the water of 25% ethanol extract, hawthorn, alcohol extract of Achyranthes bidentata and papaya, raspberry and mulberry leaves was significantly increased Compared with 0.5 mmol / L arbutin aqueous solution, the tyrosinase inhibition rate of papaya extract and Fructus mume extract was significantly increased at 12.5 g / L (P <0.05, P <0.01) ). CONCLUSIONS: All kinds of traditional Chinese medicines with sourness and herbality have the effect of inhibiting melanogenesis, and the mechanism is related to the inhibition of tyrosinase activity.