奥林匹克运动会的起源

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   Pindar,the Greek poet wrote in the 5th century BC:"As in the daytime there is no star in the sky warmer and brighter than the sun, likewise there is no competition greater than the Olympic Games."
   公元前五世纪的希腊抒情诗人品达曾写道:“正如在白天,天空中没有星星比太阳更温暖、更明亮,同样,也没有任何比赛比奥运会更伟大。”
   According to historic records,the first ancient Olympic Games can be traced back to 776 BC.They were dedicated to the Olympian Gods and were staged on the ancient plains of Olympia.Initially they had a religious character and combined a number of ancient sporting events,many of which were based on ancient Greek myths.
   据历史记载,第一届古代奥运会可以追溯到公元前776年。当时人们为纪念奥林匹亚神在奥林匹亚的古代平原上举行了运动会。起初他们具有宗教色彩并综合了许多古代运动项目,其中很多都源于古希腊神话。
   The ancient Games actually occupied an important position in the life of the Greek ancestors. Four-year interval between two Games. Participants came to compete from every corner of the Greek world aiming at the ultimate prize:an olive wreath and a "heroic" return to their city-states.But apart from the glorious victory, it was the Olympic values themselves which accorded special meaning to the Games: noble competition and the effort to combine body, will, and mind in a balanced whole.
   古代奥运会在古希腊人的生活中占据了很重要的地位。每4年举行一届。来自希腊各地的参赛者参与角逐,目标就是得到最终奖赏:一个橄榄花环,“英雄”般地返乡。除去胜利的光荣,奥林匹克价值本身赋予了奥运会特殊的意义:高尚竞争,把身体、意志和精神协调地融于一体。
  The first recorded Olympic Games were held in 766 BC. Although there was only one event—a running race — other events were added in later years. Men competed in chariot racing, wrestling, boxing, horse- riding, and many kinds of running races. In one race men had to run wearing a full suit of armor!
   第一个有记录的奥林匹克运动会在公元前766年举行。当时只有一个比赛项目——赛跑,后来才加入了其他的项目。有赛战车、摔跤、拳击、赛马以及各种形式的赛跑。有种赛跑选手们还得穿着一整套盔甲上场!
   As the Games developed,so did a set of procedures such as a standardized schedule of events and the practice of the Olympic Truce. They continued for nearly 12 centuries, until Emperor Theodosius decreed, in 393 AD. He asserted that the Games placed an excessive public focus on athletic and spiritual affairs.The games was abolished until the 19th Century.Intellectuals such as Evangelos Zappas and Demetrios Vikelas who believed in the spirit of noble contests and the Olympic ideals,lent their voices and efforts to the revival of the Olympic Games.Fifteen hundred years were to pass before the Olympics would be born again.
   随着奥运会的发展,一系列程序,如标准化的项目时间表和实际赛事都在完善。这样持续了近 12个世纪,直到西奥多斯大帝在公元393年续位以后。他宣称,奥运会使公众过于注意运动及精神。 18世纪,奥运会被废止,直到19世纪才恢复。知识分子们,如塞帕斯和维克拉斯,坚信高尚的比赛精神和奥林匹克理想,为复兴奥运会而努力奔波。过了1500年,奥运会才得以重新举行。
   The modern Olympic Games were started by a Frenchman,Baron Pierre de Coubertin. During his travels around the world, he noticed that many people from many different countries liked sports. So in 1894 he arranged a meeting of people from nine countries to discuss holding a sports competition for athletes from all around the world.
  现代奥林匹克运动会的创始人是法国男爵皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦。他在环游世界的时候发现不同国家的人都喜欢运动。于是,他于1894年召集了九国会议,商议举办一场由全世界运动员参与的运动比赛。
   The Greek public embraced the revival, and joined the efforts to organize the Games.Any financial difficulties faced by the Greek state at the time,were met through the mobilization of people and benefactors alike. In 1896,the first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens,with 311 men competing.
   希腊民众迎接了奥运会的复兴,并努力组织起了这次奥运会。当时希腊政府所面临的资金难题,都被人民和捐助者所解决。1896,首届现代奥林匹克运动会在雅典举行,当时有311名男子运动员参赛。
   With the revival of the Olympic Games, a number of symbolic Olympic Traditions were also developed and established (i.e. the Olympic Anthem, the Olympic Creed, the Olympic Flag, the Olympic Flame and Torch).
   随着奥运会的复兴,形成了很多具有象征意义的奥运会传统(如奥林匹克会歌、奥林匹克格言、奥林匹克旗、奥林匹克火焰和火炬)。
   In the century to follow, the Olympics traveled to many countries around the world, meeting many different cultures and people, facing new challenges, growing and evolving. And now they have returned to Athens, the country of their birth.
   在接下来的一个世纪里,奥运会在世界多个国家举行,与许多不同的文化和民族擦出火花,面对各种新的挑战、成长和发展。现在,奥运会又回到了它的发源地——雅典。
   The 28th Olympic Games is a successful athletics pageantry.Athens integrated sports with its long history and splendid civilization. Moreover, the 28th Olympic Games returned to the essence of Olympic spirit— "Cultural Olympics".Athens Organizing Committee greatly valued the merit of Olympic Spirit, gave a shock to the people all over the world by a series of symbolic cultural activities,such as the design of emblem and lucky symbol, Torch Relay all over the world, ceremonies, the choice of sport field, and the olive anadem,all of which provided precious experience and inspiration for Peking 2008 Olympic Games.
   第28届奥运会不仅是一次成功的体育盛会,更是一次将体育与希腊悠久的历史、灿烂的文化有机地结合起来,并使奥林匹克精神回归其本质意义的 “文化奥运”。雅典组委会通过会徽和吉祥物的设计、全球圣火传递、开幕式的举行、运动场的选择、橄榄枝花冠的制作、文化活动的开展等一系列具有崇高象征意义的文化艺术形式,强调了奥林匹克精神的重要价值,给全世界人民的心灵带来了巨大的震撼,也给北京2008年奥运会留下了宝贵的经验和重要启示。
  ※编辑:吕晓轩
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