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佐拉·尼尔·赫斯顿是在美国最早研究恶作剧精灵意象的学者之一,因此对《他们眼望上苍》一书中恶作剧精灵意象的发现和解读成为理解其创作艺术的重要法宝。身为人类学家,对黑人民俗进行过专业研究的赫斯顿在此书中正是通过恶作剧精灵意象——骡子的描写与运用,完成了这一涉及种族与性别的影射与回应。表意的恶作剧精灵本身所具有的双声性揭示出黑人妇女在美国社会生活中长期遭受种族、性别双重压迫的现实。
Zola Neil Heston was one of the earliest scholars who studied the image of mischievous elf in the United States. Therefore, the discovery and interpretation of the mischievous image of eulogy in Their Eyes Who Viewed God is an important way to understand the art of creation. As an anthropologist, Heston, who conducted a professional study of black folk customs, accomplished this reflection and response of race and gender in this book through the description and application of the mule image and mule. The dual nature of ideological mischief itself reveals the reality that black women have long been subjected to ethnic and gender oppression in American social life.