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一、序言石墨具有良好的热物理性能、力学性能和化学性能。在冶金、化工、原子能、电子工业、航空和航天方面得到越来越广泛地应用。然而,由于这种材料比较脆,容易在低应力下发生脆断,因此使用时必须非常小心,以避免发生灾害性损毁。有关石墨材料力学性能文章较多,然而,专门研究石墨断裂韧性的文章却很少,其原因可能是这种材料结构比较复杂,大多数石墨不但具有各向异性,而且内部缺陷也很多,
First, the preface Graphite has good thermal physical properties, mechanical properties and chemical properties. In the metallurgical, chemical, atomic energy, electronics industry, aviation and aerospace applications are more and more widely used. However, since this material is relatively brittle and prone to brittle fracture under low stress, care must be taken in using it to avoid catastrophic damage. There are many articles about the mechanical properties of graphite materials. However, there are few articles devoted to study the fracture toughness of graphite. The reason may be that the structure of this material is rather complicated. Most of graphite not only has anisotropy, but also has many internal defects.