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近代科学在思维方式上逐步摆脱了在古希腊形成的理性至上的“本质先于存在”的本质主义认识路线，转向“经验至上”①的存在先于本质的“存在主义”认识路线。其中．基督教信仰为这一转向提供了契机；奥古斯丁的“相信以便理解”为后一种认识路线提供了必要前提；而托马斯的“存在先于本质”的思想对后一种认识路线的确立，起到了关键性的作用。后来的学者正是沿着这一思维方式前进，并最终结出近代科学这一硕果。伽利略是这一思维方式的典型代表。
In the way of thinking, modern science and technology gradually get rid of the essentialistic cognition route of “nature prior to existence” formed in ancient Greece, and turn to “experiential supremacy” ① prior to the essence of existentialism. among them. The Christian faith provided an opportunity for this turn; Augustine’s “believe in order to understand” provided the necessary premises for the latter course of cognition; and Thomas’s “existence precedes essence” established the latter line of cognition The key role. Later scholars follow this way of thinking and finally come to fruition of modern science. Galileo is a typical example of this way of thinking.