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研究一个山区流域的产沙量和泥沙输移量,主要依据野外观测,结合野外小区模拟试验而求得。通用土壤流失方程(USLE)是目前世界上广泛应用的土壤流失计算方程式。在实践中,此方程常受到不同地域土壤、气候、覆盖和管理条件的限制。为此,2006年日本水土保持学者Amb ika DHAKAL等人在地理信息系统(G IS)的辅助下,应用通用土壤流失方程(USLE)和输沙率模型(SDR)估算日本山区小流域地表侵蚀和泥沙输移量,其结论是只存在细微的差别。来自Vanon i模型的结果更接近于实际泥沙沉积量。估算的输沙量表现出合理的精确性,但它是否适用于更大规模的流域和所有年份还不确定。因此,有必要对应用模型开展更广泛的研究。
Research on sediment yield and sediment transport in a mountainous basin is based on field observations combined with field simulation experiments. The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) is a widely used equation for calculating soil erosion in the world. In practice, this equation is often limited by soil, climate, coverage and management conditions in different regions. Therefore, in 2006, Amb ika DHAKAL et al., A Japanese soil and water conservation scholar, estimated the surface erosion of small watersheds in Japan’s mountainous areas using the generalized soil loss equation (USLE) and the sediment transport rate model (SDR) with the aid of GIS (Geographic Information System) Sediment transport volume, the conclusion is that there are only subtle differences. The results from the Vanon i model are closer to the actual sediment deposition. The estimated sediment yield shows reasonable accuracy, but its applicability to larger catchments and all years is uncertain. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out more extensive research on application models.