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目的 探讨联合经肝动脉插管化疗栓塞术（TACE）及无水酒精瘤内注射术（PEI）治疗复发性肝癌周围静脉血液循环性肝癌细胞的变化及其意义。方法应用巢式RT-PCR检测19例复发性肝癌患者血液循环性肝癌细胞，并经TACE及PEI联合治疗观察其血液循环性肝癌细胞的变化。结果血液循环性肝癌细胞表达阳性的7例复发性肝癌患者（36.8%），经TACE及PEI联合治疗后其血液循环性肝癌细胞均转为阴性（100%，P＜0.01）。结论联合TACE及PEI治疗复发性肝癌可有效地杀灭血液中播散的循环性肝癌细胞，可预防肝癌再复发和转移的发生。“,”Objective To study the changes and significance of circulating hepatocellular carcinoma cells in recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients after combined treatment of transarterial chemo-embolization(TACE) and percutaneous ethanol injection(PEI). Methods We detected 19 blood samples from the recurrent HCC patients by nested RT-PCR to find out AFP mRNA before and after the treatment. Results There were 7 patients with AFP mRNA positive before treatment (36.8%), and none of patients with AFP mRNA positive after treatment. Conclusion Combined treatment of TACE and PEI can effectively eliminate circulating hepatocellular carcinoma cells and thereby prevent metastasis and recurrence of HCC.