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目的探讨体能锻炼对肾移植受者早期生理、心理功能及并发症的影响。方法选取2015年9月~2016年9月在我院收治的48例肾移植受者,随机分为对照组(23例)与观察组(25例),对照组实施常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上,与术后6周开展有计划性的体能锻炼,时间为24周。观察比较两组6周、12周、18周及24周的血钙水平、血清肌酐(scr)、及血红蛋白,以及诸如肺部感染、高血糖、高血压等并发症情况。结果观察组体能锻炼12周后血钙水平、血红蛋白水平升高幅度较之对照组,明显高于后者(P<0.05)。观察组骨质丢失发生率、高血脂发生率较之对照组,均低于后者(P<0.05)。观察组焦虑障碍例数相比于对照组,显著少于后者(P<0.05)。结论肾移植受者实施体能锻炼,可显著改善其生理与心理功能,有助于降低并发症发生率。
Objective To investigate the effects of physical training on early physiological, psychological function and complications of renal transplant recipients. Methods Forty-eight renal transplant recipients admitted to our hospital from September 2015 to September 2016 were randomly divided into control group (n = 23) and observation group (n = 25). The control group received routine nursing. The observation group On the basis of the group, a planned physical activity was carried out 6 weeks after the operation for 24 weeks. The levels of serum calcium, serum creatinine, hemoglobin, and complications such as pulmonary infection, hyperglycemia, and hypertension were observed and compared between the two groups at 6, 12, 18 and 24 weeks. Results After 12 weeks of exercise, the levels of serum calcium and hemoglobin in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group (P <0.05). The incidence of bone loss and hyperlipidemia in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). The number of anxiety disorder cases in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion The kidney transplant recipients who practice physical exercise can significantly improve their physiological and psychological functions and help to reduce the incidence of complications.