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天目山主峰海拔高逾1500m,由山麓到山顶形成四个森林植被垂直带谱,包括七个森林类型,即常绿阔叶林、常绿落叶阔叶混交林、落叶阔叶林、山顶灌丛—矮林、针叶林、针阔混交林和竹林。调查研究表明,各类型森林枯落物(层)的现存量、组成成分、持水率、持水量等均不相同。森林土壤(矿质层)的主要物理性质因森林类型而不同,并均随着土壤的深度呈某种规律性变异。森林土壤的持水量主要受土壤孔隙度的影响。在天目山地区,森林土壤的持水量较非林地土壤(荒草地)为高;落叶阔叶林类型的土壤持水量,常较针叶林类型为高。
The main peak of the Tianmu Mountain is over 1500m above sea level, forming four vertical bands of forest vegetation from the foothills to the top of the mountain, including seven forest types, evergreen broad-leaved forest, evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest, deciduous broad-leaved forest, Dwarf forest, coniferous forest, conifer and broad-leaved forest and bamboo forest. The investigation and research shows that the existing stock, composition, water holding capacity and water holding capacity of all kinds of forest litter are different. The main physical properties of forest soils (mineral layers) vary according to forest type and are some regular variations with soil depth. Water holding capacity of forest soils is mainly affected by soil porosity. In Tianmu Mountain area, the water holding capacity of forest soil is higher than that of non-forest soil (grassland); the soil water holding capacity of deciduous broad-leaved forest is often higher than that of coniferous forest.