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近年来频繁出现的鄱阳湖季节性干枯问题受到广泛关注,作为鄱阳湖水系五大河流之首的赣江入湖水沙量及其变化也同样受到重视。采用1962-2013年赣江控制站外洲水文站实测水沙及流域内降雨量资料,通过多种计量统计学方法,分析了赣江降雨量、径流量和输沙量变化特征,并评估了人类活动对径流量及输沙量的影响。结果表明,赣江流域面降雨量和径流量无明显变化趋势,输沙量呈显著的下降趋势,并经历了平沙期—丰沙期—平沙期—枯沙期4个阶段。输沙量突变年份为1984和1992年,以1962-1983年为参照期,1984-1991年人类活动使河流输沙量减少36.3%,1992-2013年则使输沙量减少88.1%,水土保持和水库建设是赣江年输沙量减少的主要因素。
In recent years, the frequent occurrence of Poyang Lake seasonal dryness has received widespread attention. As the first of the five major rivers in the Poyang Lake system, the amount of sediment and sediment entering the lake and its changes in the Ganjiang River are equally valued. Based on the measured data of sediment and sediment in Wazhouzhou Hydrological Station of Ganjiang River Control Station from 1962 to 2013 and the rainfall data in the basin, the variation characteristics of rainfall, runoff and sediment load in Ganjiang River were analyzed by a variety of statistical methods. Impact of Human Activities on Runoff and Sediment Transport. The results showed that there was no significant change in rainfall and runoff in the Ganjiang River basin, and the sediment discharge showed a significant downward trend, and experienced four stages of Pingsha period - Fengsha period - Pingsan period - dry season. Sediment discharge year of 1984 and 1992, with 1962-1983 as the reference period, 1984-1991 human activities to reduce the river sediment transport 36.3%, 1992-2013 make sediment discharge decreased 88.1%, soil and water conservation And reservoir construction is the main factor in the decrease of sediment transport in Ganjiang.