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目的了解河南省辉县市全人群脑血管病、缺血性心脏病、恶性肿瘤以及糖尿病等四大类慢性病的发病状况和分布特征,为制定相应防控策略和措施提供依据。方法利用辉县市慢性病发病监测系统获取当地2010年全人群四大类慢性病的发病报告数据,统计分析各类慢性病年发病率和构成比。结果 2010年共报告慢性病发病11 917例,四大类慢性病总的年发病率为1455.37/10万,其中,脑血管病、缺血性心脏病、恶性肿瘤以及糖尿病年发病率分别为723.47/10万(构成比为49.71%)、360.15/10万(构成比为24.75%)、259.51/10万(构成比为17.83%)和112.23/10万(构成比为7.71%)。恶性肿瘤中,发病率居前5位的分别为食管癌、胃癌、肺癌、乳腺癌和肠癌。结论辉县市全人群四大类慢性病发病率较高,特别是心脑血管疾病和恶性肿瘤成为威胁居民生命和健康的重要疾病危险因素,建议加强慢病综合防治工作。
Objective To understand the incidence and distribution characteristics of four major chronic diseases including cerebrovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, malignant tumor and diabetes in Huixian City, Henan Province, and to provide basis for formulating corresponding prevention and control strategies and measures. Methods The incidence of chronic diseases in the whole population in 2010 was obtained by using the monitoring system of incidence of chronic diseases in Huixian, and the annual incidence and composition ratio of various chronic diseases were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 11 917 cases of chronic diseases were reported in 2010. The annual incidence of the four major chronic diseases was 1455.37 / 100 000, of which the annual incidence of cerebrovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, malignant tumor and diabetes was 723.47 / 10 (Constitutional ratio: 49.71%), 360.15 / 100,000 (composition ratio: 24.75%), 259.51 / 100,000 (composition ratio: 17.83%) and 112.23 / 100,000 (composition ratio: 7.71%). Malignant tumors, the top 5 were esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer and colon cancer. Conclusion The incidence of chronic diseases in the four major categories of Huixian population is high. In particular, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and malignant tumors are risk factors threatening the life and health of residents. It is suggested to strengthen the comprehensive prevention and treatment of chronic diseases.