文人集会是一种普遍现象,在中国表现为宴饮,在西方表现为沙龙。宴饮与沙龙作为文人集会融汇了众多文学因素与非文学因素,而最能代表这一特性的要数幕府宴饮与贵族沙龙,二者还具有许多相似之处,但其差异也是巨大的——幕府宴饮的文学更具思想内涵,主要是一种壮志未酬的苦闷,通过思乡、隐逸之情表现出来。本文即主要以贵族沙龙和幕府宴饮的差异为研究范围,分析其形成原因。这一差异的存在主要由两种集会中文人的心态不一所致,宴饮中文人的目的是入朝为官,与主人的期待有一定冲突,而沙龙中文人的目的与主人的期待在重视文学本身这一基础上达成了一致。究其根本原因,宴饮文人的心态是由其“士”这一文化身份所决定的,“士”传统的影响与文人对这一传统的集体自觉,是贵族沙龙文人所没有的;贵族沙龙文人的身份以文学家为主,但总体上其身份的选择是个体性的,并没有中国文人那样的自觉性与一致性。 Literati rally is a common phenomenon, manifested in China as a feast, in the West as a salon. Banquet and Salon as a literary assembly brings together many literary factors and non-literary factors, and the most representative of this feature to the number of shogun banquets and aristocratic salons, the two also have many similarities, but the difference is huge - The shogunate feminine literature has more ideological connotation, which is mainly an unforgettable depression, manifested through homesickness and seclusion. This article is mainly to aristocratic salon and the difference between the banquet for the study of the scope of the study to analyze the causes. The existence of this difference is mainly caused by the different mindsets of the two Chinese rally participants. The aim of banquet of Chinese people is to enter the government and there is a certain conflict with the expectations of the masters. However, On the basis of focusing on literature itself, it reached an agreement. The fundamental reason for this is that the mentality of a feast scholar is determined by his / her “cultural identity”. The traditional influence of the “scholar” and the collective consciousness of the literati on this tradition are determined by the aristocratic salonist ; Aristocratic salon literati identity as a writer, but in general its choice of identity is individual, and not as Chinese scholars that consciousness and consistency.