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目的探讨职业应激对针织厂女工月经的影响。方法应用具有可接受的信度和效度的职业应激量表对某市348名针织女工的职业应激、月经情况进行了调查。结果348名女职工中,经期异常32人,占9．2%；经量异常71人,占20．4%；周期异常45人,占12．9%；痛经3人,占0．8%,月经总异常率为34．19%。不同工种控制策略、支持策略、物理环境、工作控制、躯体抱怨、工作需求、日常紧张感、同事支持得分差异有统计学意义(P＜0．01或P＜0．05)。月经异常组的资源控制得分(3．44±1．56)低于正常组(4．04±1．66),差异有统计学意义(P＜0．01),身心症状(32．68±9．38)、日常紧张感(9．45±2．91)得分高于正常组(28．93±10．40,8．71±2．78),差异有统计学意义(P＜0．01,P＜0．05)。资源控制程度、身心症状是月经异常的主要影响因素。结论职业应激是针织厂女工月经异常的影响因素,良好的社会支持、较高程度的工作控制可以缓解应激对月经的影响；不同工种女工职业应激程度和应激因素不同,应针对具体情况采取相应的控制和干预措施保护女工的身心健康。
Objective To investigate the effect of occupational stress on the menstrual cycle of women workers in knitwear factories. Methods Occupational stress and menstrual status of 348 knitted women workers in a certain city were investigated by occupational stress scale with acceptable reliability and validity. Results Of the 348 women workers, 32 were abnormal menstruation, accounting for 9.2%; 71 were abnormal, accounting for 20.4%; 45 were abnormal, accounting for 12.9%; 3 were dysmenorrhea, accounting for 0.8% , The total abnormal menstruation rate was 34.19%. There were significant differences in control strategies, support strategies, physical environment, job control, somatic complaints, job demands, daily tension and colleague support scores between different work types (P <0.01 or P <0.05). The resource control score of the abnormal menstruation group (3.44 ± 1.56) was lower than that of the normal group (4.04 ± 1.66), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01) 9.38). The daily tension (9.45 ± 2.91) was higher than the normal group (28.93 ± 10.40, 8.71 ± 2.78), the difference was statistically significant (P <0. 01, P <0.05). The degree of resource control, physical and mental symptoms are the main influencing factors of menstrual abnormalities. Conclusion Occupational stress is the influencing factor of abnormal menstruation in the knitting factory. Good social support and higher degree of job control can relieve the impact of stress on menstruation. The occupational stress and stress factors of different types of female workers are different, Situation Take appropriate controls and interventions to protect the health of women workers.