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目的探讨地震状况下医疗救援人员自我效能感、应对方式、状态-特质焦虑、急性应激反应与心理健康状况之间的关系。方法将154名参加过汶川和玉树地震的医疗救援人员进行自我效能感、应对方式、状态-特质焦虑、急性应激反应量表的测量,评价其心理健康状态结果。结果①抗震救灾医务人员自我效能感与特质焦虑、状态焦虑呈显著负相关(P<0.001),与应对方式呈显著正相关(P<0.001);②应对方式中除解决问题(t=9.62,P<0.01)和求助(t=2.09,P<0.05)高于军队常模外,其余4个因子得分(P<0.01)显著低于军队常模;③在应对方式中6个因子与状态特质焦虑进行相关分析发现,自责、幻想、退避和合理化与特质焦虑有明显的相关性(P<0.05),解决问题和求助与特质焦虑无相关关系。结论需要对地震医疗救援人员的心理健康进行心理干预。
Objective To explore the relationship between self-efficacy, coping style, state-trait anxiety, acute stress response and mental health status of medical aid workers under earthquake conditions. Methods A total of 154 medical aid workers who participated in the earthquake in Wenchuan and Yushu made self-efficacy, coping style, state-trait anxiety and acute stress response scale, and evaluated their mental health status. Results ① There was a significant negative correlation between self-efficacy and trait anxiety and state anxiety (P <0.001), and positive correlation with coping style (P <0.001); ② In addition to solving the problem (t = 9.62, (P <0.01) and help (t = 2.09, P <0.05) were higher than the military norm, the other four factors (P <0.01) were significantly lower than the military norm; ③In the coping style, six factors and state traits Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between self-blame, fantasy, retreat and rationalization and trait anxiety (P <0.05). There was no correlation between problem solving and seeking help and trait anxiety. Conclusion Psychological intervention of earthquake medical rescue workers needs to be carried out.